How Do Old Refrigerators Affect the Ozone Layer Essay Example for Free

How Do Old Refrigerators Affect the Ozone Layer Essay The ozone layer keeps bright daylight from arriving at Earth. (The Ozone opening, 2012). Without the ozone layer, it would be bound to get skin malignant growth, eye harm, hurt untamed life, decrease crop yields, and change the sea natural pecking order. The ozone is a particle comprised of three oxygen iotas. Ground-level ozone is the principle segment of brown haze and is hurtful to people. Environmental ozone gathers in the stratosphere, which is around nine to twenty-two miles over the outside of the Earth. It was found in 1985 that there was a gap in the ozone above Antarctica. CFC’s, were continually dissolving our ozone layer. (Bug, 2010). In old fridges, smelling salts gas is utilized to keep the cooler cool. Unadulterated smelling salts gas is profoundly harmful to individuals and if a fridge containing it spilled, it would represent a danger. Changing to CFC’s was a â€Å"nontoxic† substitution that drained the ozone layer. At that point they changed to an increasingly ecological well disposed coolant. Albeit numerous fridges despite everything use alkali. (Brian; Elliot, 2006). Fridges need five significant parts to keep cool. The blower packs the alkali gas and the compacted gas warms up as it’s pressurized. The curls on the rear of the fridge let the hot smelling salts gas scatter its warmth and the gas consolidates into fluid at high weight. The high weight smelling salts fluid moves through the extension valve. One side of the valve has high weight smelling salts fluid and the contrary side is a low weight region in light of the fact that the blower drains gas out of that side. The fluid alkali quickly bubbles and disintegrates with the temperature dropping to - 27 degrees Fahrenheit which makes within the ice chest cold. The blower sucks up the smelling salts gas and the cycle rehashes. (Brian; Elliot, 2006)The coolant is caught inside curls and makes a circuit through them and changes to and fro from a fluid to a gas. Alkali gas doesn't influence the Ozone layer however it is exceptionally harmful to people. At the point when they changed to CFC’s, that’s when the fridges added to the rundown of things exhausting the Ozone Layer. Du Pont found this substitution in the 1930’s. They are utilized in an assortment of mechanical, business, and family unit applications. The CFC’s were discharged into the climate and went up into the stratosphere. In the 1970’s, it was found that the CFC’s being used are hurtful to the Ozone Layer. The bright radiation at the air height separates CFCs, liberating the chlorine. Under the best possible conditions, this chlorine can possibly wreck a lot of ozone. As of the 1990’s, they put an increasingly natural well disposed coolant in fridges.

Light and Darkness in Macbeth :: Macbeth essays

Light and Darkness in Macbeth     William Shakespeare's Macbeth is an unpropitious story that represents the peril in disregarding the Great Chain of Being, the pecking order of things in God's arranged universe. The Chain positioned the entirety of creation and human culture too. It positioned lords above aristocrats and aristocrats over poor people. At the point when Macbeth killed King Duncan and accepted the seat, the Chain was damaged... bedlam came about. The environment of the play represented this subsequent strife. In particular, light and shadow were utilized to represent the unnatural disorder and dismal tone of the work. This exposition will investigate the job of light and the job of murkiness as it identifies with the confusion coming about because of the infringement of the Great Chain of Being.   Light is a typical image for good greetings and request, so it is with Shakespeare's Macbeth. At the declaration of his replacement, his child, King Duncan stated, Which respect must not unaccompanied contribute him [The Prince of Cumberland, King Duncan's child and replacement to the throne] just, however indications of nobleness, similar to stars, will sparkle/on all deservers (Shakespeare 189). Ruler Duncan swore his seat to his child as would be perfect with the Great Chain of Being. The light that was referenced recommends that everything was directly with the world; the Great Chain of Being was in appropriate request. The possibility that light means the common request of things is upheld when the aristocrat Ross says, But then dull night chokes the voyaging light [the sun] (Shakespeare 206). The sun is the image of the Great Chain of Being and God's structure in amicability since it is the wellspring of all characteristic light. Macbeth's demonstration of regicide upset the ch aracteristic request of things thus curbed the sun.   In Macbeth, light is an image of agreement and request, however obscurity is the exact inverse. Obscurity is the disarray and malice that outcomes from a messed up Great Chain of Being. Macbeth sent Scotland into unrest and dull night when he killed King Duncan. In light of the declaration of the Prince of Cumberland as the replacement to the seat of Scotland, Macbeth stated, ... Stars, conceal your flames, let not light observe my dark and profound wants [to murder both King Duncan and the Prince of Cumberland] (Shakespeare 189).

A history of social policy changes

A background marked by social arrangement changes Concerning changes in government arrangement and philosophies of government assistance, banter the importance of the move from Victorian Pauper to 21st century administration client and its effect on social work practice and qualities. This task has utilized a course of events of government changes and arrangements as a foundation to discuss the move from Victorian poor person to the 21st century administration client. The partition among poor and rich has consistently been an issue that all administrations have attempted to decrease utilizing various strategies and laws. Anyway there is as yet that isolate that is by all accounts expanding. Has a lot of changed since the Poor Law was actualized? Are people given increasingly decision and rights now? Will there consistently be shame joined and social prohibition that originates from utilizing these words, do they despite everything have a similar importance? This task will endeavor to address these inquiries utilizing references to arrangement and philosophies of government assistance. The meaning of a Pauper as per the Collins word reference is somebody who is very poor or truly qualified for open foundation. The meaning of an assistance client is somebody who utilizes or gets wellbeing or social consideration administrations. (General social consideration committee) As indicated by Sen, 1999 the term administration client was presented due to picked up quality of frail individuals during the 1980s. This term demonstrates an affirmation of the administration and open, understanding that administration clients have a positive job. They despite everything have abilities and can understand their latent capacity, they are not simply people who are qualified for help by means of the administrations we offer. In spite of the fact that this term was created by the people who utilize the administrations it despite everything features that they work with experts and that the force despite everything lives with them. (Adams, Dominelli and Payne, 2009) The National system of administration clients: Shaping our lives accept that the term administration client is certain, its a person who utilizes the administrations, they give power making a more grounded voice and having a more prominent capacity to shape administrations. (Levin 2004) The adjustments in arrangement from Pauper to support client have been huge. English social policys establishment is from the Poor Laws, the first went in 1598 the last 1948. The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 gave a necessary poor rate and helped set the poor onto work. Anyway as the Parish was the essential region of organization laws were authorized contrastingly here, which means the activity of the Poor Law was conflicting between regions, the start of the postcode lottery. The Poor Law revision demonstration of 1834 changed the current framework that was set up, it was executed at a higher stage not exactly at Parish level ,Poor Law associations were presented the advancement of the workhouses was empowered, one workhouse in every association to give poor help. This demonstration expressed that no healthy individual was to get some other assistance other than in the workhouse. This laws essential issue was to make life inside as terrible as outside of the workhouse, this was troublesome as some would have must be famished to meet what they met outside. There was a shame appended however and it was that notoriety that prevented everybody from utilizing a workhouse, they created prison style isolation people and even families must be isolated. As the administration suspected this was the most ideal approach to help the neediest families they saw no issues with this Act. Truth be told the neediest families still werent utilizing the assistance and going into a workhouse since they didnt need to be isolated. Similar to families today that still dont request help on account of the shame or in light of the fact that they dont know or comprehend the framework actualized to help them however much as could reasonably be expected. It was in 1869 that The Charitable Organization Society was shaped to make good cause increasingly viable, they comprehended that magnanimous help was required however accepted that their point was to arrive at all families, they were additionally uncertain of how the cash from noble cause had recently been spent. They set out monetary assistance presenting neighborhood boards of trustees, these then raised assets and appropriated to families out of luck. Additionally fundamentally the same as numerous causes today, there are as yet numerous families who dont request help in light of religion, language, pride or just werent told. (Family activity) COS found that it wasnt simply monetary assist that with peopling required, so they began to offer passionate and down to earth help as well. At the point when they had numerous families requiring help they knew there volunteers would require preparing, this turned into the pioneer in the calling of social work, something that our establishments depend on today. The principle establishment of COS was to change strategy to help the individuals enduring the impacts of neediness, something that social laborers do now, the general board of social specialists are as yet attempting to help those enduring the most and work towards offering assistance to the individuals who have incapable to discover help somewhere else and give social work support just as sign to different administrations that may enable them to further. From this time more acts were presented including the Public wellbeing demonstration of 1872. During this time neediness was never truly characterized they comprehended what realized it like joblessness or sickness, in the event that they had characterized destitution it might have helped acquainted various acts with forestall it. During the 1900s neediness was ever expanding, the settlement development began its thought was to build up settlement houses in poor regions with the possibility that the white collar class would elect to live with them, sharing their insight and help mitigate the destitution of their poor neighbors. From this development numerous activities rose and assisted with improving states of every poor zone of society and help all people. This development concentrated on the reasons for neediness giving various administrations including training and wellbeing administrations. This settlement development is another establishment of social work practice today, no we dont live with the people out of luck, yet the entire explanation of social work is to utilize our training and information to mitigate the issues they have and help them inwardly, for all intents and purposes and monetarily, which is exactly what these volunteers did. Albeit some contended this was standardizing on the grounds th at some needed the separation between poor people and higher classes. (Laybourn, 1995) Although this development was significant the more remarkable COS lowered as the dubious idea of social work, there was people that were not qualified for help these were still at the workhouse, and the vast majority of these people were ladies who bore youngsters without any father present. In spite of the fact that the settlement development was likewise important in the public eye in concentrating on neediness, it concentrated on an increasingly organized examinations of destitution and its effect on human conduct by rehearsing mediations at a network level, which is required presently to enable little networks to help each other just as independently. The idea of social work practice at that point concentrated on people and a noteworthy component of this time is the end of hearing customers voices and the exceptional information on the experts working with them. Just presently is the administr ation clients voice being perceived once more. (Adams et al, 2009) The Poor Law was the premise of the advancement of administrations for the twentieth century, including the national protection act, these new administrations were acquainted with abstain from depending on the Poor Laws. (Alcock, 2003) The administration laid the premise of things to come social administrations, the significant concern was that all regions ought to be given similar administrations, these new administrations were given away from The Poor Law to sidestep the affiliation. Despite the fact that these new philosophies were acquainted with offer types of assistance to all people there was as yet a disgrace connected, even now there is as yet a shame appended to the term administration client, in spite of the fact that legislatures have changed their approaches to utilize various terms some despite everything have a similar importance. A significant report delivered with respect to the government assistance of people was the Beveridge report. This report concentrated on how Britain could be remade after the war. In 1945 work was chosen and vowed to present a government assistance state. The government assistance state included presenting new administrations these included family stipends, the national wellbeing administrations and lodging acts to give some examples. The government assistance state was created to empower the arrangement of administrations for the open not as a reaction to neediness. (Laybourn, 1995) this is the place a significant analysis exists in discusses in regards to the government assistance state inside current governments. During the 1950s the arrangement of government assistance state administrations got risky, government intercessions at the time didnt help and brought on additional issues so the Conservative government dominated and slice the assistance given to poor people and wiped out . This at that point made the conveyance of salary increasingly imbalanced and albeit endeavored to make the poor progressively persevering and independent it didnt work. One report that affected approach and work on during the 1960s was the Seabohm report 1968, this report re-presented neediness. This paper was entrusted to survey the association and duties of the nearby power individual social administrations in England and to consider what changes are attractive to make sure about a viable family administration. (Seebohm, 1968, pg11.) Prior to this report social work was spread across different neighborhood specialists and diverse government segments, due to this the report found that there was insufficiencies in the nature of arrangement and access was troublesome. The report suggested another neighborhood authority office giving a network based and family orientated assistance, which will be accessible for all When this proposal was brought energetically new social administrations office were framed. Seebohm foresaw issues which were featured in the report, it expressed that having separate divisions for kids and grown-ups would make it hard to t reat the familys needs all in all. Another significant Report was the Barclay Report, 1

Prior Knowledge Deficit Essay Example for Free

Earlier Knowledge Deficit Essay Earlier information originates from visual encounters, seeing those psychological photos of a subject. Earlier information precedes understanding what perusers read, or understanding the subject. A shortage in earlier information hinders understudy learning by removing their instructive encounters and supplanting them with state sanctioned testing. In the first place, earlier information assumes a significant job in empowering understudies to figure out how to peruse, and to peruse to learn. In the first place, figuring out how to peruse begins in kindergarten and proceeds through third grade, where instructors use books called preliminaries. Groundworks show understudies how to peruse in light of the fact that they recount tales about subjects that understudies as of now have visual involvement in, for example, family, companions, food, pets, or games. Since understudies know the fundamental data about such subjects, when they are being instructed how to peruse, they comprehend the groundworks. At long last, when understudies enter fourth grade, they start perusing reading material to find out about science and social investigations. These understudies created earlier information on science and social investigations from kindergarten through third grade, when they went to handle outings to zoos and galleries, watched instructive movies, and finished science ventures. In the event that they took in this fundamental data about the common universe of science, and about the human universe of social investigations, understudies can comprehend their course books. Thus, they can add new information to encourage their instructio n. Furthermore, numerous understudies battle with the earlier information shortage in view of state administered testing. Above all else, government sanctioned testing removes time from instructive experience by utilizing constantly and cash on the tests. Instructors utilize the time on showing understudies how to become test takers, rather than teaching them in various encounters of the world. Before, schools would take understudies on field excursions to show them for the most part about science, and social examinations. In any case, such field trips cost a great deal of cash; cash that is right now being utilized on government sanctioned tests. On one hand, conventional training comprised of understudies perusing and writing to comprehend and clarify the information on the world. Then again, presently day’s understudies are test takers, and they utilize their perusing and composing abilities for the test, much the same as information is utilized to retain all the data without getting it. Instructors need to concentrate on this technique since they are assessed by the understudies test scores. To sum up, earlier information deficiency frustrates understudies learning by removing their instructive encounters and concentrating their time on state administered testing. An answer for the earlier information shortage is for instructors to devote additional time on training understudies about subjects that will be utilized later on in further instruction, as opposed to showing understudies how to become test takers.

Mind of Great Companies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Psyche of Great Companies - Research Paper Example Since Marriott has not joined the line of organizations that make income expands their concentration without regard for corporate morals, it very well may be said that the organization is on the correct way. In any case, there could be more opportunity to get better however the adaption of a customer based corporate morals whereby the organization will have a road for their clients to welcome on board basic parts of morals that they would need the organization to address so the organization structures its projects to incorporate these recommendations. In an ongoing production, Marriott was referenced as a model organization that has a ton of center for the adherence to its corporate rules that guarantee and realize notoriety (Waddock, 2009). This is in reality a sign that the company’s citizenship and notoriety has been seen and applauded by partners. The need to accomplish more by utilizing the proposed customer based morals approach ought to anyway not be

How to Write a Literature Review

How to Write a Literature Review Usually, for the ones that are asked or advised to start working on the research paper, the good practice is to begin with working on the project-plan. Those who have ever done this know that it is impossible to simply follow the plan created. The reason for that is working on the thesis statement, organizing the paper and writing it in general is very creative work. Nobody can create something if they stick to the plan only, are limited by circumstances or have to perform under boundaries set. As for the literature review, the ones who says it has to be short, logical and objective, they probably have some point to this, but there is something more hidden in there. Because at the same moment you read this statement or come across with this saying, the very fist immediate question arises here naturally: how can we make sure that it is objectively convinces the reader while being full and stays complete? Isnt it? Apart from that, you might have encountered the following questions: what is a literature review? What is a review of literature in general? Reading the below will give you the answers on those two. To start from the beginning, the aim of a literature review is to show your reader (your teacher or supervisor) that you have read about the topic, and have a good understanding of it and made some research on the published work concerning a particular topic or question in your field. While a summary of what you have read is contained within the literature review, it goes the way far than simply summarizing professional literature. It focuses on a specific topic of interest of yours and includes a critical analysis among different works related to the topic, and connecting this research to your work. The purposes of the review are: to determine and narrow the problem you are working on to identify your study in a perspective of other related works to get rid of unnecessary duplication to evaluate and specify research methods to set the correlation of your findings with the previous discovered works propose to make further research A good literature review, therefore, is critical of what has been written, identifies areas of controversy, raises questions and identifies areas which need further research. The literature review should include the following: Objective of the literature review Overview of the subject under consideration. Clear references to sources selected to support your work Specified arguments proofs and particular position Elimination of similarities and differences of the findings made by other people. How to write a good literature review To write a literature review is quite challenging and time consuming work. How to do a literature review? it is a process that consist of preparation work and investigation. How to write a literature review APA formatting and style Your review must be written in a formal, academic style (APA style). Keep your writing clear and concise, avoiding colloquialisms and personal language. While writing a literature review, you should always aim to be objective and respectful of others opinions; this is not the place for emotive language or strong personal opinions. If you thought something was rubbish, use words such as inconsistent, lacking in certain areas or based on false assumptions. When introducing someones opinion, dont use says, but instead an appropriate verb which more accurately reflects this viewpoint, such as argues, claims or states. Use the present tense for general opinions and theories, or the past when referring to specific research or experiments. And remember at all times to avoid plagiarizing your sources. Always separate your source opinions from your own hypothesis, making sure you consistently reference the literature you are referring to. When you are doing your reading and making notes, it might be an idea to use different colors to distinguish between your ideas and those of others. How to write a literature review for a research paper You first need to decide what you need to read firstly. In many cases you will be given a booklist or directed towards areas of useful published work. Make sure you use this help and understand fully what exactly your objectives are and what you need to find out. Before you start reading it may be useful to look for some example of a literature review, compile a list of the main areas and questions involved then read with the purpose of finding out about or answering these. Unless something comes up which is particularly important, stick to this list, as it is very easy to get sidetracked, particularly on the internet. A good literature review needs a clear line of argument. You therefore need to use the critical notes and comments you made whilst doing your reading to express an academic opinion. Make sure that: you include a clear, short introduction which gives an outline of the review. there is always a clear link between your own arguments and the evidence uncovered in your reading. Use quotations if appropriate. you always acknowledge opinions which do not agree with your thesis. To sum it up, a literature review is a search and evaluation of the available literature in your given subject or chosen topic area. It documents the state of the art with respect to the subject or topic you are writing about. A literature review shows your readers that you have an in-depth grasp of your subject; and that you understand where your own research fits into and adds to an existing body of agreed knowledge. All in all, if you are not sure that is doable, our advice is to ask for professional help by ordering a writing from professional services.

Ethical Dilemma on Targeting Tattoos Essay - 825 Words

Ethical Dilemma on Targeting Tattoos (Essay Sample) Content: Ethical Dilemma on Targeting TattoosName of StudentInstitutional affiliation Ethical Dilemma on Targeting TattoosQuestion 1I would consider Newton a problem employee. Newton has the liberty interest under the fourteenth amendment. He also has the right to expression under the first amendment. However, he becomes a problem employee when he sarcastically states the freedoms that he is served with. This scenario is an indicator of an employee that aims at causing disharmony between the management and the other people. He lacks the consideration of other people in implementing his personal actions. If his actions cause discomfort among the other policemen, he should be considerate and make amendments. Despite the reactions, he takes a blackmailing approach by using the law as the scapegoat. He does not care that the other employees are unwilling to work with him. This situation promulgates him to become a problem employee (Falcone, 2009). Question 2First of all, I would s peak with him and notify him of his deficiencies. I would then suggest that he gets rid of the tattoos because of its implication on the other policemen. If he is not willing, I would give him suggestions such as wearing the uniform that covers the tattoos. After a period of three days, I would observe Newton and if he has not made any change, I will give him a warning letter. The letter will stipulate that Newton rids the tattoos or covers them for the benefit of the other employees. If it is not successful, I will suspend him on the basis of lack of discipline in the workplace. The suspension will be without a pay for the period of the suspension. After the period, with lack of improvement, I will terminate his employment contract (Falcone, 2009). Question 3The first major issue to consider during the disciplining of the employee is the legal requirements of the process. The disciplinary procedures and the legal requirements should be followed to the later. The organizational po licy on the disciplinary actions should also be followed and informed to the employees. The employees should have a knowledge of the philosophy and their requirements in the disciplinary action. The standardized disciplinary procedures should be followed to the latter because of the need to avoid any legal frictions. The employees should be notified of the step by step procedures of the disciplinary process. In case of a violation, the employee should expect a faster response. The actions undertaken should consider the rights of the employees in relation to liberties, expression, and fair treatment. The disciplinary actions should be subject to appeal from the employees. This should include a fair hearing to determine the employee perception on the violation (Falcone, 2009). Question 4The action taken will depend on proper evaluation of the effect of the violation on the corporate principles. In the case of Newton, there was no established principle of appearance in the organization . However, his appearance has an effect on the functioning of the other members of the team. The action that is taken will be talking to him and making him understand the implications of his appearance on the other staff. If not successful, then other actions such as warnings are taken (Lisa, Baker, 2007). Question 5As the chief, I have the right to reasonably regulate the appearance of employees and require a professional appearance. The professional requirement of a policeman is to exhibit confidence and avoid discrimination. The job of a policeman requires that the clients are confident in the police. Having a tattoo that is conspicuous violates the policy on appearance. The appearance of the employee should portray the individual requirements of the job. The job of the police is to foster confidence in the citizens or the other policemen. Having tattoos that are offensive is a violation of their requirement in terms of appearance (King, 2013). Question 6Implementation of a rule against such tattoos does not discriminate against Newton. This is because the tattoos are not considered as a racial or religious expression (Hazen, Syrdahl, 2010). The law stipulates that appearance can only be considered as prejudice on the basis of race, religion, or sex discrimination....

Christian Persecution - 1933 Words

Christian Persecution Christians are being persecuted for their faith in more than the forty nations around world today. In some nations, it is illegal to own a Bible, to share one’s faith in Christ, and even teach one’s children about Jesus Christ. Those who boldly follow Christ, in spite of government decree or opposition, can face harassment, arrest, torture and even death. Dr. Nhia Vang Vang, the pastor of the First Hmong Alliance Church in Longview, NC, mentioned that Christianity has been persecuted for over 2000 years up until now. However, more Christians have been arrested, harassed, and persecuted in this century than in the previous nineteen combined (Vang). Christian persecution is a world-wide problem, having an effect†¦show more content†¦Pastor Bike (Pastor Zhang Mingxuan) is a missionary who travels across China on a bicycle to spread the news of Jesus Christ. He was arrested by the Chinese officials on August 6, 2008; just two days after the Ol ympics began. (â€Å"Olympic†). Mingxuan was tortured and interrogated in prison countless times. However, regardless of the harassment by the Chinese officials, Pastor Bike continued to win several lives for Jesus Christ. The numbers of Christian martyrs are increasing by the year, yet Christians continue to meet for worship and the church in restricted nations are still growing. People who are willing to sacrifice everything, including their lives, for the sake of spreading the gospel throughout the world are given the name Jesus Freaks. Many Christians are abused and harassed by officials or mobs who attempt to force Christians to renounce their faith. In Chiapas, Mexico, a Christian family was attacked by a mob; killing Pedro, his wife and his son. Six of the other children were left seriously wounded. (â€Å"Christian†). There are many more cases such as these occurring even now. The list of Christian persecution is endless; several people suffer much more due to their faith. These Jesus Freaks are continuously victimized and attacked, yet their love for Jesus Christ givesShow MoreRelatedChristian Horbury : Early Christian Persecutions1490 Words   |  6 Pageswhat theologian Horbury surmised about early Christian persecutions, and I largely agree with this view. The Jews sometimes persecuted the early Christians because their beliefs clashed and this caused friction between the two religions. As well as this ‘incompatibility’ between the two faiths, Donatism also developed as a separate sect of Christianity within the orthodox church and a lot of persecution and hate was directed towards the early Christians. However, without this I do not believe thatRead MoreEssay on Roman Persecution of Christians1235 Words   |  5 Pagesanyone admitting to Christianity became a target. The persecutions hit a climax during Diocletian’s reign. These persecutions actually helped the spread of Christianity by glorifying Christians an d beginning a tradition of martyrdom that shaped the Church, and the strength that Christians displayed shows that the persecutions could not have possible stopped the spread of Christianity. In the first half of the third century, Christian persecution was fragmented and while Christianity was illegal, thereRead More The Persecution of Christians Today Essay examples1848 Words   |  8 PagesThe Persecution of Christians Today The persecution of minority groups has been well documented throughout history. These documentations have been mostly of people of one race, culture, or ethnicity; persecuting another based on the belief that one race is superior to the other. In the case of Christianity, however, the documentation of the persecution has been kept to a minimum. In fact, it is rare to find a case in today’s world of the media reporting on the persecution of ChristiansRead MoreChristian Persecution2039 Words   |  9 Pagesshifted the blame to the Christians living in Rome, and ordered all Christians to be killed. This is why Nero started persecuting the Christians in Rome at this time. It was easy for Nero to shift the blame onto the Christians, as Christianity was very new, and many people did not understand their views and beliefs; they saw them as a new fanatic religious group. There were many ways in which Nero persecuted the Christians. At first an arrest was made of all the Christians who pleaded guilty. ItRead MoreChristians and Persecution Essay1146 Words   |  5 PagesChristians and Persecution In the year 64 A.D. in the city of Rome, the centre of the Roman Empire, there was a huge fire which wiped out most of the city. A rumour started to circulate that the Roman Emperor, Nero, had started the fire as it was well known that Nero thought that much of the city was ugly. It was thought he burned it down so he could re-design and rebuild it himself. Because of this he needed to find someone to blame it on. The Christians were an obviousRead MoreChristian Persecution in Nigeria790 Words   |  3 PagesChristian persecution by Muslim extremists in (mainly) northern Nigeria is and has been a serious problem for several years. The main contributors to this issue are the Islamic extremist and Muslim purist organization, Boko Haram. According to Religion Today, over 3000 people have been killed since Boko Haram began it’s insurgency. Murders and jihads are a regular occurrence in Nigeria, with new reports seemingly coming out every day of another terrorist attack or mass shooting. With government beingRead MoreThe Persecution Of Christians And Jews2123 Words   |  9 PagesIn order to better understand the persecution of Christians and Jews that occurred during the reign of the emperor Domitian in the year 89 AD, one must first understand the dynastic line he was born into. Domitian was a member of the Flavian family, a family that has origins in the equestrian class, the tier just below the senatorial class in terms of influence and wealth. Domitian’s grandfather, Sabinus, had built up the family’s wealth first as a tax collector, and later as a money-lender. Sabinus’Read MoreChristian Persecution by the Romans3001 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿CHRISTIAN PROSECUTION BY THE ROMANS Even though Roman chastisements for religious continuous within three points of time and it was never congested throughout that period, the biographers worn to consign it into ten enormous chastisements occurred by ten Imperium Romanum, is going to mention in a while. Various apprentice related to this ten chastisements in the midst of the ten afflictions that occurred to Egyptians in the older tribute and the ten horns of the brute sirens in the sacred tomeRead MoreReligious Persecution of Christian Beliefs875 Words   |  4 PagesReligious Persecution of Christian Beliefs What is religious persecution? At the beginning of this project, I thought religious persecution was a black and white topic with a clear definition. I thought that religious persecution was simply the persecution of a group because of their religious faith. However, I discovered that there are no simple explanations of religious persecution, and it is a much more complex and controversial issue than I had imagined. In fact, some events categorizedRead MoreEssay on Third Century Christian Persecution1244 Words   |  5 Pageshistory of Christian persecution. Section two, â€Å"Persecution AD 193-249† and section three, â€Å"The Persecution of Decius†, provide an in depth review of Christian persecution under the Roman Emperors’ Septimius Severus, Caracalla and Decius. However, the exact number of Christians persecuted and martyred for their faith will never really be known. Very few written records exist that chronicle events throughout the entire Roman Empire. At the start of the 2nd century, persecution of Christians

Privacy Is The Freedom From Interference - 1106 Words

Privacy and Technology Introduction Privacy is the freedom from interference. It is a state of being free from public attention, and being watched or disturbed by other individuals. Every individual deserves to have the right to privacy, but the question is to what extent and at what state is considered an invasion of privacy. Information privacy is the right to control over one’s personal information, how it is collected and used. Many believe that people have to relinquish their privacy for safety. Law enforcement officers, however, thinks that video surveillance does not identify or prevent crime. Several cities which had previously used the surveillance had to abandon them claiming that they are an unnecessary expense. Even the most powerful video cameras, for example, in the United Kingdom did not stop crime or enhance public safety (Strossen n.d). According to the Nation in the article Apple vs. the FBI, Federal Bureau of Investigation wants Apple to build a version of iOS with weak security. This will enable them to access the phone of Syed Rizwan Farook. Although the government is insisting that it will only utilize the tool once, this will affect the millions of Apple users. Apple is taking a stand because this not only compromises the privacy of their users, but it also presents vulnerabilities for hackers to exploit. Furthermore, sophisticated criminals have other advanced avenues of securing their communication and data. Why is Privacy Vital Loss ofShow MoreRelatedThe Rights Of The United States1635 Words   |  7 Pages It is nearly impossible to comprehend the overwhelming changes the United States has endured over the past 200 years, spanning from 1787 when the Constitution was created, all the way up until today. 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Debt vs. Equity and Asymmetric Information a Review

DEBT vs. EQUITY AND ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION: A REVIEW Linda Schmid Klein, University of Connecticut Thomas J. O’Brien*, University of Connecticut Stephen R. Peters, University of Cincinnati March 2002; Forthcoming, The Financial Review *Corresponding author: Department of Finance, University of Connecticut, 2100 Hillside Rd., Storrs, CT 06269-1041; Phone: (860) 486-3041; Fax: (860) 486-0634; E-mail: thomas.obrien@uconn.edu Acknowledgements: The authors thank Ivan Brick, Shanta Hegde, Tim Manuel (especially), and Steve Wyatt for reading the paper and for insightful comments. Abstract: Recent Nobel Prizes to Akerlof, Spence, and Stiglitz motivate this review of basic concepts and empirical evidence on information asymmetry†¦show more content†¦We also review some of the empirical findings related to these models. Section 4 extends the connection between signaling and leverage by examining the pecking order model in Myers and Majluf (1984). They endogenize the firm’s investment decision and demonstrate that managers, acting in shareholders best interests may pass up positive net present value (NPV) investments if the equity necessary to finance them is sufficiently underpriced by the market. We then discuss subsequent theoretical models of firms’ financing and investing decisions, and the implication for the choice between debt and equity. We also review some of the empirical tests related to the pecking order hypothesis. Section 5 reviews the theory and evidence on the timing hypothesis of capital structure choice. Section 6 summar izes and concludes the review. 2 2. Foundations of capital structure and asymmetric information Modigliani and Miller (1958) establish the foundation of capital structure theory and demonstrate that in a world of fully informed investors, no taxes, and risk-free debt, firm value – and in particular, equity value – is determined without regard to the firm’s capital structure. They are rightly credited for this irrelevance result, but the term â€Å"irrelevant† does not appear in the 1958 article in the context of financing decisions. To the contrary, Modigliani and Miller identifyShow MoreRelatedWhy Do Firms Choose Their Capital Structure?1623 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction In order to grow, an enterprise needs investments. So they need to start wondering about which securities to acquire and how to finance those investments: with equity, debt or a combination of both (Myers, 2001). The study of capital structure tries to clarify this variety of securities and financing opportunities. In accounting terms, this decision is situated on the right-hand side of the balance sheet (Myers, 2001). In his Capital Structure Puzzle article, Myers (1984) poses theRead MoreMaking Capital Budgeting and Capital Structure Decisions9919 Words   |  40 Pagesattention to academic advice. The most important factors affecting debt policy are maintaining financial flexibility and having a good credit rating. When issuing equity, respondents are concerned about earnings per share dilution and recent stock price appreciation. We find little evidence that real world capital structure decisions are made according to academic theories related to asset substitution, asymmetric information, transactions costs, free cash flows, or personal taxes. (If the effectsRead More|Review Problems for Exams4693 Words   |  19 Pages|Review Problems for Exams -- FINA 6301 – Dr. Park | Chapters 2 and 3 [i]. In 2004, TimeNow Corporation had fixed assets of $1,345, current assets of $260, current liabilities of $180 and shareholders equity of $775. What was the net working capital for TimeNow in 2004? [ii]. During 2004, the Abel Co. had gross sales of $1 million. 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However, the existing literature is silent on the stock price dynamics and agency costs of free cash ow in the presence of macroeconomics risk, issuance and agency costs. I then describe the expected results: (1) Characterizing the rm s optimal equity issuance and dividend pay out policiesRead MoreCorporate Tax, Cost of Debt, Cost of Equity and Capital Structure: a Case Study of Reits and Conventional Real Estate Firms in the Uk8383 Words   |  34 PagesCorporate Tax, Cost of Debt, Cost of Equity and Capital Structure: A case study of REITs and conventional real estate firms in the UK University of Groningen Faculty of Economics and Business BSc International Business January 2013 Table of contents 1. Introduction 4 2. REITs 7 3. Literature Review 9 3.1 Capital Structure Irrelevance 9 3.2 Present Models 10 4. Data and Methodology 12 4.1 Regression 12 5. Findings and Discussion 16 6. Conclusion 20 7. AppendixRead MoreCorporate Business Finance 7343 Words   |  30 Pages1 2. Project Finance-What does it entail 2 3. The organisational structure 4 1. Project constituents 5 2. Non-Recourse debt and limited recourse debt 6 3. How a project company raises debt and Equity 7 4. Sources of funds 8 1. How to value a project 9 5. Project Finance vs Corporate Finance 10 1. Project Finance and Public Private Partnerships 14 6. The rationale for using project finance 15 7. ConclusionRead MorePrivate Equity And Venture Capital6778 Words   |  28 PagesFinal year project proposal TITLE PRIVATE EQUITY/VENTURE CAPITAL INTRODUCTION This section will give a short introduction to this dissertation, by identifying a context for the placement of the research in terms of the literature and also why this topic is worthy of research. An overview of the private equity industry will be given, followed by the research objectives, contributions and targeted audience. This paper examines the effect of private equity industry on the performances of portfolioRead MorePrinciples of Microeconomics Fifth Canadian Edition20085 Words   |  81 Pagesprograms, governments raise revenue through their tax systems, which are designed with an eye toward balancing efficiency and equity. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves theRead MoreDividends Policy and Common Stock Prices9330 Words   |  38 PagesTHE PROBLEM 5 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 6 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 7 1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS 7 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 8 1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 9 1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS 9 CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW 11 2.1 INTRODUCTION 11 2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 11 2.3 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 30 2.4 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 40 2.5 THE NIGERIAN SCENARIO 56 2.6 CORPORATE PROFILE OF NESTLE NIGERIA PLC. 60 2.7 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER 62 CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 64 3.1 INTRODUCTION

Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville - 1300 Words

The Consideration of Democracy, Blacks, and Slavery Tocqueville, in Democracy in America, dwells on the strengths and weaknesses of American democracy. When discussing race relations, he recognizes that the presence of the black race in America and the occupation of blacks in slavery could threaten the continuation of the United States as a Union and a republic. As a Union, the United States could be torn apart by the disparities between the North and the South and tensions between blacks and whites. As a republic, although the United States is more grounded, the aftermath of slavery could erode republican institutions if mores and laws are dangerously altered. Although Tocqueville leaves suggestions of action for the United States, he†¦show more content†¦355). Being foreign to one another, having a previous relationship of master to slave, and being of different races would all contribute to the incapability and/or unwillingness of whites and blacks to intermingle, and thu s unity would be impossible. In fact, Tocqueville believes that unity may never be possible and the Union may continue with weakness, first, because â€Å"a natural prejudice leads a man to scorn anybody who has been his inferior, long after he has become his equal,† and second, because â€Å"the abolition of slavery in the South would increased the repugnance felt by the white population toward the Negroes† (pp. 341, 357). Both reasons seem long-lasting, possibly permanent, in which whites would maintain a mindset and perspective concerning blacks, stemming from an inequality and inferiority that urged whites to use slavery. Whites, in the North and the South, view blacks with disdain initially because they believe blacks to be lesser beings and continually because they were once slaves and subordinates. Certain circumstances in America have produced a solid and natural republic, but drastic alterations of mores and laws during and after slavery could rupture the republic. Tocqueville defines a republic as â€Å"an orderly state really founded on the enlightened will of the people...a conciliatory government under which resolutions have time to ripen, being discussed with deliberation and executed only when mature†¦[and under] the tranquil rule of theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America1197 Words   |  5 Pages Democracy in America has been a guiding principle since the foundation of the country. Many over the years have commented on the structure and formation of democracy but more importantly the implementation and daily function within the democratic parameters that have been set. Alexis de Tocqueville was a French political thinker and historian born July 29, 1805. He is most famously known for his work Democracy in America. Democracy in America has been an evolving social and economic reform, andRead MoreSummary Of Democracy Of America By Alexis De Tocqueville1314 Words   |  6 Pages In† Democracy of America† chapter XVII written by Alexis de Tocqueville, he discusses the plight of indians(natives). Tocqueville talks about how he believed the fate of Native Americans would be to completely deprived of liberty. In addition to what he believed, Tocqueville says, â€Å"The success of the Cherokees proves that the Indians are capable of civilization, but it does not prove that they will succeed in it†(page 401).Whenever the Indians were able to submit to civilization they were neverRead MoreAmerican Traditional Politics: Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville1207 Words   |  5 Pageslike myself, believe and support that equality as well as liberty are vital features to a sustainable democracy. But how strong the two features are together is where the doubt lies. Alexis de Tocqueville was convinced that liberty and equality would always cause tension between the two never letting each reach its full abilities. This was Tocqueville’s main reason behind his problems with democracy, and which through his book I can agree with his concerns of the two in tension. With the developmentRead MoreAn Exploration of Individualism as Described by Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy in America1312 Words   |  6 Pages As Described By Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy In America The classic work Democracy In America by Alexis de Tocqueville has been the reason for scholarly pursuit as well as strife within that same community. Through a brief examination of this text, several of Tocqueville’s arguments helped to define many of the constructs that made America what it was as well as those that have led to what it has become today. Of the many themes and ideas presented by Tocqueville, his thoughts on individualismRead MoreEssay on Democracy in America664 Words   |  3 Pages Democracy in America By: Alexis De Tocqueville Democracy in America, by Alexis De Tocqueville is a book about how the American States and the federal government would grow politically and socially under the umbrella of democracy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alexis De Tocqueville sees the United States as a unique entity because of how and why it started as well as its geographical location. Alexis De Tocqueville explains that the foundations of the democratic process in America are completely different from anywhereRead MoreAlexis de Tocqueville: Weaknesses of Democracy1813 Words   |  8 PagesAlexis de Tocqueville: Weaknesses of Democracy Most of the researches consider publications of Alexis de Tocqueville as longsighted and even prophetic. That actualizes the issues which Tocqueville investigates in his publications and books. For instance, Tocqueville in his â€Å"Democracy in America† foresees the future confrontation of Russia and United States. The reason for that is two different perception of life – for Americans the motive is a freedom, for Russians - service. Another significantRead MoreCritical Analysis of Alex de Tocquevilles Democracy in America1366 Words   |  6 PagesCosby Analysis of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America Alexis de Tocqueville’s visit to the United States in 1831 prompted his work Democracy in America. This was supposed to be a chance for him to take a look at the American prison system. However, it was obvious from his writing that he looked at every aspect of American culture. In Democracy in America, he takes a look at how democracy works and the pitfalls that could bring about the downfall of democracy. Throughout his travelsRead MoreTyranny And The Social Wellbeing Of Citizens1750 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerned themselves at some point with the issue of tyranny in society. Such writers spanned from Alexis de Tocqueville, to John Stuart Mill, to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The interpretations and approaches taken to the subject of tyranny and how to protect against it, though, were as varied as the collection of authors who addressed it. From de Tocqueville’s stringent observations in Democracy in America, the concept of a purely political tyranny is de lineated. In contrast, Mill’s essay On LibertyRead MoreEssay about Alexis deTocqueville2501 Words   |  11 PagesAlexis deTocqueville Alexis de Tocqueville was born in Paris on July 29th, 1805. Growing up in Metz, France, the youngest child of Hervà © Tocqueville and Mlle. De Rosanbo, he showed great intellectual promise from his earliest days. By the age of 16, his academic career was a brilliant one, his schoolwork earning him a special prize and two first prizes. He was an avid reader, reading books hardly accessible to a boy of his young age. It was during these years that he developed his criticalRead MorePolitical Freedom: Arendt and de Tocqueville Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical Freedom: Arendt and de Tocqueville Freedom in America emanates from the state of political freedom held by the citizens. Both Hannah Arendt and Alexis de Tocqueville provide criticism of the apparent shape freedom maintains in America as well as insight regarding how they perceive true political freedom. By using the observations and criticisms of de Tocqueville and the vision of Arendt, the position of modern America and its relation to the ideals

Learn English Free Essays

Name : Nguyen Cong Duy Class : AE2a A Happy Campus A happy campus is an interesting and happy place to study and relax. People feel comfortable when they come here. A happy city is well-designed and there are many good facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Learn English or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are also many places for education environment. Many people come from over the world. People in a happy campus want to create a active environment. Although they may come from difference backgrounds, they are able to respect each other and share ideas. They can enjoy influences from other cultures such as different languages, and take part in multicultural events. There are many good facilities in a happy campus. Campus has a big space with sports facilities such as: four artificial football field, one swimming pool, one badminton field, one basketball court, one tennis court and gyms, and campus has green trees and friendly environment which students can take a rest and play team sports to relax after stressed study hours. Some good equipment in happy campus need to study such as: computer library, projectors, television, sports facilities and a lot of books which are good for students with their free time. A happy campus need to have a good education environment. There are many clubs for students to join such as commerce, English, finance and marketing clubs in their free time. In addition, students can study group in free time and take part in outside activities such as: playing team sports, going swimming and playing active games together which were created by students. How to cite Learn English, Papers

Learn English Free Essays

Name : Nguyen Cong Duy Class : AE2a A Happy Campus A happy campus is an interesting and happy place to study and relax. People feel comfortable when they come here. A happy city is well-designed and there are many good facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Learn English or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are also many places for education environment. Many people come from over the world. People in a happy campus want to create a active environment. Although they may come from difference backgrounds, they are able to respect each other and share ideas. They can enjoy influences from other cultures such as different languages, and take part in multicultural events. There are many good facilities in a happy campus. Campus has a big space with sports facilities such as: four artificial football field, one swimming pool, one badminton field, one basketball court, one tennis court and gyms, and campus has green trees and friendly environment which students can take a rest and play team sports to relax after stressed study hours. Some good equipment in happy campus need to study such as: computer library, projectors, television, sports facilities and a lot of books which are good for students with their free time. A happy campus need to have a good education environment. There are many clubs for students to join such as commerce, English, finance and marketing clubs in their free time. In addition, students can study group in free time and take part in outside activities such as: playing team sports, going swimming and playing active games together which were created by students. How to cite Learn English, Papers

A Boarding Pass free essay sample

It began with a slender boarding pass, printed in fading ink, stuffed into the back pocket of my jeans. It maneuvered me through airport security and onto a flight headed for the Charles de Gaulle airport. It waited with me for strangers in an empty terminal at midnight. I stayed with a host family for a little over two weeks, and Paris infused my heart with the desire to keep on beating. The days melted together, fused together by sunlight, street lamps, and sirens. Police cars, with their glowing red lights, were like musical boxes, spilling melodies out onto the yellow streets. After a single night, dual notes weighed down my dreams. My feet ached from walking and my silver lace-up shoes cracked across the soles, from scampering up and down flights of Metro station stairs. Walking amongst throngs of unfamiliar faces, a disembodied feeling overwhelmed and empowered me. The first week, nervous tension pounded a rhythm into my skull and my tongue tripped over itself to spit out foreign phrases. We will write a custom essay sample on A Boarding Pass or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By the second week, the vast beauty of the city had engulfed me and its perseverance flowed through my veins. On the day we hiked up to the Sacre-Coeur, an entire hillside of pearly white steps lay before me, lined by manicured hedges and tourist signs. At the top, surrounded by German tourists with cameras strapped across their bodies, and bohemian Parisians with dreadlocks and guitars, I breathed a heavy sigh of release. With the ancient building to my back, the aerial view of the city captivated me. A twenty-something boy sang a heavily accented version of the Beatles’ ‘Strawberry Fields’, rattling the wooden beads upon his wrist with every swipe at his guitar strings, and my lips twisted into a smile. The wind tore at my hair and I realized how similar people are. Returning to Saint Michel de Picpus with my host family, I saw an old man sitting upon a park bench. His arms lay outstretched to feed a pigeon between his palms. For a moment, his eyes locked with mine and I understood we were the same. We both had room to hope. My high school French could only carry me so far in Paris, but it allowed me to grasp the essence of being human. Whether we speak a foreign language or live in a different environment, we all breathe the same air. Boarding a United flight back to the States, the delicious sensation of something new thrummed within my veins. And my heart began to soar.

Psychology Class free essay sample

Life span perspective helps us to know about other people and developmental nature and changes during their lifetime. It focuses on how individual process and carry out the movement and evolution throughout their lives along with the change. Lifespan perspective is multidirectional and development is also multidimensional. Life span perspective is not unidirectional and is focused on the experience, observation and experiment. Human development is plastic in nature and its main characteristics are development and change (Berger, 2008). There are two theories of lifespan perspective development: 1. Erik Erikson’s theory 2. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis. Both of these theories focus towards the internal drives and crisis due to management and internal conflicts. Freud treated his patients and discovered that their problem were as the outcomes of experiences they had in their early life (Berger, 2008). He analyzed that as children proceed further in their developmental stage, their focus drifts from mouth to the anus and then finally to the genitals. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Class or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Freud in his theory discovered the three most important stages in development of a child including oral, phallic and anal and are characterized by taking an erotic nature. The initial stage is oral stage which focuses on the mouth. During initial childhood time, the anal become the erotic center while during the preschool year’s penis and phallic stage is the erotic center. He also states that phallic stage produces envy in girls and pride in boys. He concluded that reaction of their parents to child erotic drives create a deep and ever-lasting effect on the lifelong development and the personality of an individual (Berger, 2008). According to Feud, first and foremost motivation for behavior of a human being is sexual in nature however Erikson theory accepts the reason behind it to be social and shows a desire to affiliate with other human being. Freud theory focuses that our basic personality is molded during the early five years of life but Erikson theory states that, developmental change can occur in short stages all along the life span of an individual. Freud gives early experience more priority than later experience while Erikson laid more importance to both later as well as the experiences that occur in the early stages of life. In Erikson’s theory, he considered life as eight stages of development. At every stage, a unique and rare task of development is being faced by the individual with a crisis which must be faced and solved (Berger, 2008). The more successfully an individual resolve the crisis, the healthier their development will be. Erik Erikson’s theory focuses on how parental response, society, cultural patterns and history alters the stages of growth during childhood development. He also focuses on the exchange of development in human psyche in childhood and its social influence. He had a strong belief that psychological crisis enhances the development and growth all along the eight important stages of development. Heredity and environment has a great effect on the development. They influence the individuals from birth throughout their life time (Berger, 2008). They both constantly influence on development. There are various ways in which individuals are affected by environment. Environment and gene are related to each other. In human being have gene in their DNA which gets affected by the environment. If there is no gene, then there is no behavior and without an environment, none of the gene is able to express. Berger’s theory states that nature is something that is focused on the traits which are being inherited and nurture refers to external affects which influence the individual from the birth of an individual and throughout his lifespan (Berger, 2008). The interaction of nurture and nature both have an influence on the individual. The exchange of initial experiences and various experience and situation along with worldly accepted tendencies of culture and whole human race come together to create dynamic nature of the individual. Biological and genetic situations also have a deeper effect on an individual (Kempler, 2001). According to Berger, genes plays an important role as it affects every stage of human behavior including cognitive and social behavior, influence of environment on children which live in same home are not shared. So, both environmental influence and intrinsic states modify and affect the development. The genetics exchange along with the surrounding predicts the way of changes occur and the way by which these changes affect the individual and affect its development. So, heredity and environment play an important role in one’s life span development. References Berger, K. S. (2008). The developing person through the life span (7th ed. ). New York: Worth Publishers Kempler, B. (2001). Jung Society of Atlanta Resilience of the Human Spirit. Jung Society of Atlanta Provides fellowship amp; education relating to the work of Carl Jung. Retrieved December 16, 2010, from http://www. jungatlanta. com/resilience. html

Free Essays on Integrative Theory

Integrative Theory: The Case of Jack An old man sat next to a well-traveled road when a vacationer approached and asked, â€Å"Are you acquainted with the town ahead? I am planning to visit and wonder what the people are like.† The old man answered, â€Å"What were the people like where you come from?† The man said, â€Å"They gossip, they are mean and horrible.† The old man said sadly, â€Å"That is exactly how you will find the people here to be.† Soon came another traveler and he also stopped to ask the old man questions. â€Å"How are the people in this new place? Are they friendly, are they kind?† The old man replied, â€Å"How were the people where you came from?† The traveler responded, â€Å"They were wonderful, they welcomed me from the day I arrived, and I made friends I’ll not forget.† The old man just said, â€Å"That’s exactly how you’ll find the people here to be.† Approach to Counseling Alfred Adler directed people to â€Å"act as if.† He asserted that humans have the capacity to interpret, influence and create their own existence. Past circumstances and environment are not sentences imposed, but rather events almost completely subject to the individual’s own interpretations. Adler asserts that people need to resist seeing themselves as victims, because where we are striving to go is more important than where we have come from. (Corey p.108.) What a person expects to receive from their society and community is usually what they do receive. When a person develops the ability to â€Å"act as if,† they create an environment for themselves that can be measurably more positive and balanced. Personal Philosophy and Theoretical Foundation Adlerian therapy encourages the development of social interest and community connectedness. This can be achieved when people feel as if they belong, even if they feel they must initially pretend to fit in. The therapist assists the client to gain self-confidence th... Free Essays on Integrative Theory Free Essays on Integrative Theory Integrative Theory: The Case of Jack An old man sat next to a well-traveled road when a vacationer approached and asked, â€Å"Are you acquainted with the town ahead? I am planning to visit and wonder what the people are like.† The old man answered, â€Å"What were the people like where you come from?† The man said, â€Å"They gossip, they are mean and horrible.† The old man said sadly, â€Å"That is exactly how you will find the people here to be.† Soon came another traveler and he also stopped to ask the old man questions. â€Å"How are the people in this new place? Are they friendly, are they kind?† The old man replied, â€Å"How were the people where you came from?† The traveler responded, â€Å"They were wonderful, they welcomed me from the day I arrived, and I made friends I’ll not forget.† The old man just said, â€Å"That’s exactly how you’ll find the people here to be.† Approach to Counseling Alfred Adler directed people to â€Å"act as if.† He asserted that humans have the capacity to interpret, influence and create their own existence. Past circumstances and environment are not sentences imposed, but rather events almost completely subject to the individual’s own interpretations. Adler asserts that people need to resist seeing themselves as victims, because where we are striving to go is more important than where we have come from. (Corey p.108.) What a person expects to receive from their society and community is usually what they do receive. When a person develops the ability to â€Å"act as if,† they create an environment for themselves that can be measurably more positive and balanced. Personal Philosophy and Theoretical Foundation Adlerian therapy encourages the development of social interest and community connectedness. This can be achieved when people feel as if they belong, even if they feel they must initially pretend to fit in. The therapist assists the client to gain self-confidence th...

Connor Surname Meaning and Origin

Connor Surname Meaning and Origin Connelly is a patronymic surname, the shortened form O’Connor, which in turn is an Anglicization of the Gaelic Ó Conchobhair or Ó Conchà ºir, meaning descendant of Conchobhar. The name Conchobhar is thought to mean lover of hounds, from the Gaelic con, meaning hound or wolf, and cobhair, aid, or desiring. The Connor name is also thought to denote strength and leadership, from conn, meaning wisdom, strength, counsel, plus cobhair. The OConnors descend from several distinct royal Irish families and clans; they are from Clare, Derry, Galway, Kerry, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo and the province of Ulster. CONNOR is one of 50 common Irish surnames of modern Ireland. Surname Origin: Irish Alternate Surname Spellings: CONNER, CONOR, OCONNOR, OCONOR, COUROY, CON, CONE, CONNE, KONNOR Famous People with the Surname CONNOR: Sandra Day OConnor - former U.S. Supreme Court justiceRoger Connor - American baseball Hall of FamerFlannery OConnor - American writerSinà ©ad OConnor - Irish singer-songwriter Genealogy Resources for the Surname CONNOR and OCONNOR British Surname Profiler - Distribution of the Connor Surname: Trace the geography and history of the Connor surname through this free online database based on a University College London (UCL) project investigating the distribution of surnames in Great Britain, both current and historic.Connor Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Connor surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Connor surname query.FamilySearch - CONNOR Genealogy: Find historical records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Connor surname and its variations.CONNOR Surname Family Mailing Lists: RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Connor surname.Cousin Connect - CONNOR Genealogy Queries: Read or post genealogy queries for the surname Connor, and sign up for free notification when new Connor queries are added.DistantCousin.com - CONNOR Genealogy Family History:  Free databases and genealogy links f or the last name Connor.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Case Study Example ?University (SSU) is a comprehensive teaching institution with 14,200 undergraduate and 3500 graduate students accompanied with 400 faculty and staff. SSU is situated in an attractive and relatively isolated setting in Lubbock, Texas. In the recent years, SSU has faced numerous challenges and difficulties. There has been considerable increase in the annual tuition fees but resources to meet the new initiatives have been limited. Although SSU has a few resources in order to meet capital improvement or for the commencement of new programs and initiative but these resources are not adequate. In the recent times, SSU has been able to provide only 1 percent rise across the board faculty and staff salary cost of living and standard promotion adjustment but it has witnessed no major increase in the number of staff for several years. Two programs namely a Staff  Performance  Excellence  Program  (SPEP) and a Faculty  Distinction program was initiated in the year 2000 and 2001 respe ctively which were framed to recognize and motivate outstanding  performance. However, since 2005 neither program was funded. The performance documentation and employee-supervisor discussion committee of the SPEP occupied a key role in deciding the eligibility and levels of merit based salary increase. SPEP was not tied with in any manner with the compensation rather it was totally an academic exercise. Besides, staffs within SSU have also not taken this program seriously as they believe that the program will have no significant impact on their promotion. At the same time, Faculty Distinction program has been paused for many years (Ruben & Jurow, 2012). There was no rigid plan to resolve this ongoing problem faced by the university and the faculty members in the university. As a consequence of this, faculty members in SSU felt increasing level of stress and they deemed to remain strapped for time to teach. Faculty members in SSU who are economically vulnerable remain disheartened about their

Leonardo da Vinci - the Man Of Renaissance Essay

Leonardo da Vinci - the Man Of Renaissance - Essay Example It is therefore, his contemporary intellectuals, inventors, and artists including Giotto di Bondone, Michelangelo, Raphael, Botticelli, and Galileo could come close to the wide range of fields that Leonardo asserted his genius upon. Born on 15th April 1452 in Vinci, the suburbs of the fabulous Italian city of Florence, as the illegitimate son of a Florentine notary ser Piero da Vinci and a local peasant woman Caterina, Leonardo received his early education and training in Florence under the supervision of his father. It is observed that he had developed great taste for paintings and drawing in his early childhood, and even his most initial sketches were extremely captivating, eye-catching and surprising ones, which immediately captured the attention of the viewers. Hence, no one could refrain himself from admiring the gifted talent of the dexterity and command of the little painter over fine arts. Consequently, his father, Ser Piero, sought the services of the renowned contemporary Florentine painter Andrea del Verrocchio to coach his son in order to polish his talent in this field. Leonardo worked very hard while learning from his teacher and applied his splendid intellect in the creative activities, which earn ed unabated fame and respect for the young artist. The history reveals that he had developed his personal art gallery at the age of twenty-four years only, where he got orders for the preparation of portraits and paintings independently from the local community. Somehow, Leonardo’s interests were so broad, and he was so often compelled by new subjects, that he usually failed to finish what he started. This lack of â€Å"stick-to-it-ness† resulted in his completing only about six works in these 17 years, including â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"The Virgin on the Rocks,† and he left dozens of paintings and projects unfinished or unrealized. Being the true follower of the prevailing Christian mythology, Leonardo selected Biblical stories as the topic of his paintings and drawing. He drew the sketches including the adoration of Magi at the eve of the Christ’

Poaching Elephants for Ivory

Poaching Elephants for Ivory Poaching of elephants has been present from the past 1000 years. However it increased considerably in the 1970s and consequently the elephant population of the world registered a sharp decline with statistics showing that the number of elephants in Africa declined from 1.3 million in 1980 to just 400,000 in 1990 (Ivory trade threatens future of African Elephants). Sudan and the Central African Republic have also registered a decrease in their elephant population. The crucial factor which results in the poaching of elephants is ivory trade. Therefore to save the dwindling elephant population of the world, cutting the demand for ivory in the world became necessary. The first attempt against ivory trading was made in 1975 with the advent of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which placed elephants under the list Appendix II species (White gold: The ivory trade ban). These are the species that, though not threatened by extinction, are at risk of being endangered. This did not ban ivory trading and was just a means of regulating it. However it failed to achieve its purpose as the killing of elephants not only continued but increased as the demand for ivory in the international market increased. Thus in 1989 CITES was forced to revise its position in context with elephants. As of 1990 the elephants were removed from Appendix II and rather placed under Appendix I (a species threatened by extinction) by which the killing of elephants was illegalized and a full ban was imposed on ivory trading (White gold: The ivory trade ban). After the ban was put under practice ivory trade was nearly eliminated because publicity surrounding the issue turned public sentiment so far against the ivory trade that it nearly eliminated the demand for ivory worldwide; most poaching stopped abruptly in response. After the imposition of the ban the number of poached elephants in Kenya was reduced to 500 in 1993 from a huge 3500 in the 1980s (White gold: The ivory trade ban). Also because the demand for ivory had decreased, the price of ivory per pound also decreased from $125 to $5 (White gold: The ivory trade ban). This reduction in price made the poachers lose incentive and poaching of elephants diminished. Another act, The Botswana Conservation and Management of Elephants Act of 1991 (The Conservation and Management of Elephants in Botswana) also helps protect the elephant population. By the application of strict rules by the government of Botswana, which includes the setting up of anti-poaching units, poaching is prevented on a large scale within the country. As a result the elephant population of Botswana is not only stable but is experiencing an increase. There are many points in favor of the ban being continued. These arguments are based on the profitability of live elephants to the countries they are in and on animal rights. Elephants provide a lot of benefits both to the countrys economy in which they reside and also to the natural habitat of other wild life. Some countries like Zimbabwe and Kenya thrive on the tourism brought about by the presence of elephants in their lands. Zimbabwe has earned a net total of $424 million and Kenya has earned a net of $100 million on account of the attraction their elephant population created for the tourists (White gold: The ivory trade ban). Thus, as ivory trade involves the hunting and killing of the elephant population of these countries, it has a detrimental effect on the tourism industries without which these already poor countries will lose significant amounts of money and a major contributor to their gross domestic product (GDP). The former chief executive of the Zimbabwe Council for Tour ism, Paul Matamasia, stated in regards with poaching: Without wildlife, we do not have a tourism industry to talk of (Zimbabwes Wildlife Threatened by Poachers). Another benefit of elephants is that they help change woodlands into grasslands, an action which helps provide habitats for the varied wildlife. Thus if the elephant population is reduced due to ivory trade it indirectly has an adverse effect on the habitats of other animals. This was exemplified in the 1970s in the Tsavo National Park in Kenya when a decrease in elephant population led to a decrease in the population of other animals such as zebras (Why Ivory Trade should be banned). The other main argument presented in favor of the ban is that of animal rights. The indiscriminate slaughter of the elephants is necessary in order to acquire ivory as it cannot be obtained while the elephant is alive. After it has been killed the process of extracting ivory involves the poacher to cut into the head of the elephant because roughly 25% of the ivory is contained in the head. This brutal killing of elephants just to take their tusks is a violation of animal rights and of the law as elephants are considered to be an endangered species and according to The Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 ESA prohibits everyone, private person and federal agency alike, from taking endangered wildlife. The regulations extend this to threatened animals. Take includes harming a listed species. Harm: in the definition of take in the Act means an act which actually kills or injures wildlife. Such act may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or inj ures wildlife by significantly impacting essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding, or sheltering (The Endangered Species Act). However some argue that the ban is wrong and should not be imposed. There is a debate regarding the endangerment of the elephants with one side claiming that they are not endangered at all. This side argues that rather than being in danger of extinction, the elephant are experiencing a rise in their population. The advocates of this viewpoint cite the examples of Kruger National Park and Botswana. In Kruger National Park the population of elephants increased from 7000 in 1994 to 12000 in 2005. Also in Botswana the elephant population is not only increasing but the authorities registered a threat of overpopulation. The number of elephants increased from 54700 to 60935 (White gold: The ivory trade ban). The ban imposed on ivory trade by CITES requires the elephant population to be below 2000 to qualify. Thus these advocates claim that the ban has been wrongly imposed and should be lifted as the population exceeds that stated by law (White gold: The ivory trade ban).. It must be noted however that this increase in population of the elephants only registered after the ban had been imposed in the first place and can be directly attributed to it because after it was imposed the poaching incidents were reduced to negligible amounts. As far as the problem of overpopulation is concerned it can be justified to still put the elephants under Appendix I of CITES in order to protect the population from falling to such low level that it will become too late to save elephants from extinction; as the old clichà © goes: prevention is better than cure. The primary party opposing the ban is the Southern African Development Community (SADC) which includes 12 countries including Botswana, Tanzania and Namibia. The reason SADCs opposition of the ban is the loss of revenue it had from ivory sales. It argues that due to the ban these countries cant even trade in legitimate ivory which is obtained after the elephant dies a natural death. These countries also claim that the population of elephants in their territories is much greater than the level at which a species is considered endangered. In fact these countries claim that they lack the area and resources to cater for the growing population of the elephants (White gold: The ivory trade ban). This, they claim, poses a threat to their human population as elephants come in conflict with the villagers and are responsible for destroying many crops. Another argument they present is that allocating areas especially for elephants is indirectly very costly as they need that area to grow crops and as agriculture serves as a main form of livelihood it is very difficult. Jon Hutton summates the problem by saying: Crops give survival. Elephants dont (White gold: The ivory trade ban). SADC further says that the ban should be lifted so that these countries can sell up to a collective stockpile of $8 million dollars (White gold: The ivory trade ban) that is collected from elephants that died a natural death. These countries claim that the revenue generated from these trades will be used to conserve the elephant population by building better places for them to live in. In response to the argument that legal ivory and stockpiles should be allowed to be traded and that elephants should rather be placed under Appendix II by CITES, it can be inferred from a similar situation that this is not a good solution. In the past, in response to the appeal by Botswana, CITES placed elephants under Appendix II rather than Appendix I in 1997 which allowed a one off trade of ivory with Japan. However this gave way to increased poaching activity in the area as the demand for ivory tusks was restored which acted as a stimulant for the poachers which led to a considerable decrease in elephant population. A complete ban was soon placed afterwards to stop the poaching as illegal advantage had been taken of a lenient decision. This just helps reinforce the idea that a ban is the only solution to protect the elephant population and if lifted gives rise to illegal trade in ivory which is difficult to tell apart from legitimate trade because while DNA testing has been intro duced it is very costly and it will be very difficult to test each batch of ivory. If we consider the argument of the destruction of existing crops and too little space for practicing agriculture we can see that lifting the ban is not the only solution and neither is the killing of elephants a good option as it might aggravate the situation rather than making it better. Much better and effective answers exist in the form of relocation of elephants. The relocation of elephants from overpopulated areas to areas where they exist in very few numbers is a very feasible solution as it answers both the problem of overpopulation in some countries and dearth of elephants in others and will help reach equilibrium between the two. This idea was used in 2001 when some elephants were transferred from Kruger National Park in South Africa to Mozambique. Will Travers, a member of the Born Free Foundation, said: Translocation as a management option, rather than culling, is going to be increasingly used (Worlds Biggest Elephant Relocation Begins) The argument that the revenue generated will be used to help the elephant population is impractical on two bases. Firstly for most of the countries the amount earned from legal ivory trade is much lower than the amount earned by tourism. Thus harming the elephant population for lesser revenues is not a good option. Secondly most of these countries are developing countries and the amount required to increase the living standards of the elephant population will be too high and cannot be fulfilled alone by revenues generated from trade of ivory tusks which is detrimental to the elephant population in the first place. By carefully considering the arguments presented by both the advocates in favor of the ban and those who are opposed to it and by considering the statistical evidence presented in this essay, it can be firmly concluded that the ban on ivory should remain and is the only barrier standing between live elephants and the extinction of a species. Any other scenario, whether it was a nonexistent ban or a lenient one, has proved damaging to the population of elephants in the world. When a ban had not yet been imposed the numbers of elephants was dwindling at a worrying rate while when a little leverage was allowed to some countries for legitimate trade the consequent rise in demand of ivory and the increase in poaching pushed the elephants one step closer to being wiped of the globe. Also the killing of elephants for ivory is a very atrocious crime as the life of a living being is much more important than the benefits it can provide in death and the conservation of a species is much more es sential than monetary benefits. Thus a full ban is the only answer and the protagonists of the group who think that the ban should be lifted should reconsider their arguments.

MRP (Materials Requirements Planning)

From reading about material requirements planning (MRP), I deciphered that this is a manufacturing planning and inventory control system that helps manage manufacturing procedures. MRP systems ideally have three main purposes.The first is to make sure that all materials are obtainable for manufacturing and the products are accessible to deliver to the buyers. The second purpose is to uphold the low inventory in store, and the third is to design manufacturing actions, delivery agendas and purchasing actions.The simple purpose of MRP system is to regulate the inventory. The use of MRP assists companies in keeping their inventory as low as possible while helping plan manufacturing, purchasing and delivering functions.Businesses need to regulate the kinds and amounts of supplies that they buy, strategize which products are to be made and how much of it and confirm that they are capable of meeting existing and upcoming consumer requests, while sustaining the lowest price for the company. Making a bad decision in any of these areas will make the company lose money.Not planning accordingly within this criterion could cause the company to lose a lot of capital. MRP can help you know what resources are needed and how many, as well as when you will need these materials.MRP can be used for materials that are bought from external sellers as well as those made in-house. You need to keep in mind what materials you are making, how much of it do you need, how long they can be stored for. For the planning portion, you need to know what limitations you may have for producing the materials as well as how to make them.For the outputs and reports part of MRP, you have output 1 which is the â€Å"Recommended Production Schedule†. What this does is that it gives you a thorough schedule of the dates that you need to complete the task along with how many to fulfill the call from the Master Production Schedule.Output 2 is the â€Å"Recommended Purchasing Schedule†. This ou tput gives you the dates you will get the materials bought and the dates that the purchase orders should transpire to equal the production schedules. Like with any other system, there are problems that evolve from using theMRP system. The main issue with MRP systems is the integrity of the data. If for some reason there are any mistakes in the inventory data, the bill of materials data, or production schedule, then this would make the output data wrong.To rectify these issues however, some businesses use pull systems and bar code scanning which makes it more accurate. A big concern with the MRP systems is the fact that they are mandated to state the length of time that a manufacturer will need to make a product.The system assumes that this time in manufacturing won’t change every time the item is produced, with no concern as to how many are made, or other things that may be made at the same time. Regardless of some of the issues that the MRP system may have, it does help comp anies reduce cost and inventory on hand.It helps companies produce what they need, when they needed to meet any demands that any consumers may have as well as deadlines etc. This system works well with many different types of companies and it seems to be fairly efficient.